Schuyler, Hartley & Graham

Name	Street	Town	State	From	To
Schuyler, Hartley & Graham	19 Maiden Lane	New York City	New York	1854

Patent	Date	Remarks

Contract	for

Product
Jacob Rutsen Schuyler, Marcellus Hartley and Malcolm Graham incoporated their company on March 1, 1854. When Shuyler retired from the company the name changed to Hartley and Graham by 1880. After December 1899, when Malcom Graham died the company became M. Hartley Company. Marcellus Hartley died on January 8, 1902. When the company started Hartley and Schuyler sailed to Europe to purchase goods for their store. During their four month travel they established business relationships with manufacturers and wholesalers which they would utilize. Back to New York they helped Graham to market the acquired goods and the company flourished. At the outbreak of the Civil War the need for weaponry changed from sales to individuals to dealing with state and federal arms procurers. SHG was able to meet their demand. The US government asked Hartley to negotiate as a private procurement house with European arms sellers or manuafcturers to purchase weaponry. In 1862 Hartley traveled to Great Britain and on the Continent for nine month and procured quality firearms at the lowest possible prices and to prevent Confederate agents from acquiring arms for their cause. Hartley bought more than 204,000 muskets of Enfield rifle-muskets, Prussian percussion muskets, Belgian-made muskets and Austrian and French muskets paterns. During the Civil War Hartley spend much time and applied his business skills in procuring much needed weaponry for the government. The technological improvements in arms seen during the Civil War led SHG to purchase the assets of two struggling manufacturers of metallic ammunition: Crittenden & Tibbals Manufacturing Company of South Covenry, Connecticut and C.D. Leet & Coimpany of Springfield, Massachusetts. Combining the metallic cartridge machinery of both companies and the know-how of experienced workmen, they established the Union Metallic Cartridge & Cap Company in 1866. In the 1880s the company established a laboratory in Bridgeport to experiment with alternatin current for domestic and commercial usage. They hired Hiram Maxim (Maxim machine gun) to experiment with dynamos and electric lamps. Finally the inventions of Maxim, Thomas Alva Edison, of Mr. Farmer and Mr. Weston, convinced Hartley & Graham to establish a new venture, the United States Electric Lighting Company in New York. However, there was strong opposition from skeptical public, rival electric companies and from gas companies so this company was sold out to George Westinghouse. During the 1870s and 1880s SHG developed a strong business relationship with Philo, Samuel and Eliphalet Remington (E. remington & Sons). SHG sold more than 144,000 Remington firearms dunring this 20 year period. When Remington's business empired crashed down Marcelllus Hartley decided to involve the Winchester Repeating Arms Compnay in a potential purchase. Wincheser was interested in the Remington's sporting business and both in their ammunition facilities. Winchester approved Hartley's plan as long as the maximum expenditure would not exceed $150,000. In 1888 Hartley & Graham and Winchester Repeating Arms Company bidded $200,000 and became new owners of E. Remington which changed to Remington Arms Company. Winchester sold its half-share of Remington ot Hartley & Graham in 1896. It was understood that Remington would not produce a repeating firle to compete against Winchester. This was only a verbal promise. In 1902 John Moses Browning traveled to New York to meet with Marcellus Hartley, president of the Remington Arms Company. On January 8, 1902 while Browning were in the waiting rooms of M. Hartley & Company, they were informed on his dead. Non of the Hartley & Graham organization was able to meet with Browning. So they carried off their prototype ot an autoloading firearms, sailed to Europe and meet with Fabrique Nationale. FN would marketing the Browning throughout the world excepting the United States. However, Browning was unable to establish manufacturing facilities for his gun and turned to the new Head of M. Hartley & Company, Marcellus Hartley Dodge, grandson and successor to Marcellus Hartley. They agreed and Remington started their production in 1905. They supplied rifle muskets known as German Rifled Muskets, Springfield Pattern, caliber .58. It is supposed that these rifles were made in Suhl, Germany as some barrels have German proofs and marked Suhl. They sold commercial Smith Carbines and the unique ammunition for that gun. SHG became the largest wholesaler of the mid 1800s. During the Civil War they supplied everything from cannons to camp supplies. When the Civil War ended the US government sold off much of their surplus stock. SHG sold some of them to the French government during French/German conflict in Europe.

Product

Jacob Rutsen Schuyler, Marcellus Hartley and Malcolm Graham incoporated their company on March 1, 1854.
When Shuyler retired from the company the name changed to Hartley and Graham by 1880.

After December 1899, when Malcom Graham died the company became M. Hartley Company. Marcellus Hartley died on January 8, 1902.

When the company started Hartley and Schuyler sailed to Europe to purchase goods for their store. During their four month travel they established business relationships with manufacturers and wholesalers which they would utilize.

Back to New York they helped Graham to market the acquired goods and the company flourished. At the outbreak of the Civil War the need for weaponry changed from sales to individuals to dealing with state and federal arms procurers. SHG was able to meet their demand.

The US government asked Hartley to negotiate as a private procurement house with European arms sellers or manuafcturers to purchase weaponry. In 1862 Hartley traveled to Great Britain and on the Continent for nine month and procured quality firearms at the lowest possible prices and to prevent Confederate agents from acquiring arms for their cause. Hartley bought more than 204,000 muskets of Enfield rifle-muskets, Prussian percussion muskets, Belgian-made muskets and Austrian and French muskets paterns. During the Civil War Hartley spend much time and applied his business skills in procuring much needed weaponry for the government.

The technological improvements in arms seen during the Civil War led SHG to purchase the assets of two struggling manufacturers of metallic ammunition: Crittenden & Tibbals Manufacturing Company of South Covenry, Connecticut and C.D. Leet & Coimpany of Springfield, Massachusetts. Combining the metallic cartridge machinery of both companies and the know-how of experienced workmen, they established the Union Metallic Cartridge & Cap Company in 1866.

In the 1880s the company established a laboratory in Bridgeport to experiment with alternatin current for domestic and commercial usage. They hired Hiram Maxim (Maxim machine gun) to experiment with dynamos and electric lamps. Finally the inventions of Maxim, Thomas Alva Edison, of Mr. Farmer and Mr. Weston, convinced Hartley & Graham to establish a new venture, the United States Electric Lighting Company in New York. However, there was strong opposition from skeptical public, rival electric companies and from gas companies so this company was sold out to George Westinghouse.

During the 1870s and 1880s SHG developed a strong business relationship with Philo, Samuel and Eliphalet Remington (E. remington & Sons). SHG sold more than 144,000 Remington firearms dunring this 20 year period. When Remington's business empired crashed down Marcelllus Hartley decided to involve the Winchester Repeating Arms Compnay in a potential purchase. Wincheser was interested in the Remington's sporting business and both in their ammunition facilities. Winchester approved Hartley's plan as long as the maximum expenditure would not exceed $150,000. In 1888 Hartley & Graham and Winchester Repeating Arms Company bidded $200,000 and became new owners of E. Remington which changed to Remington Arms Company. Winchester sold its half-share of Remington ot Hartley & Graham in 1896. It was understood that Remington would not produce a repeating firle to compete against Winchester. This was only a verbal promise.

In 1902 John Moses Browning traveled to New York to meet with Marcellus Hartley, president of the Remington Arms Company. On January 8, 1902 while Browning were in the waiting rooms of M. Hartley & Company, they were informed on his dead. Non of the Hartley & Graham organization was able to meet with Browning. So they carried off their prototype ot an autoloading firearms, sailed to Europe and meet with Fabrique Nationale. FN would marketing the Browning throughout the world excepting the United States.

However, Browning was unable to establish manufacturing facilities for his gun and turned to the new Head of M. Hartley & Company, Marcellus Hartley Dodge, grandson and successor to Marcellus Hartley. They agreed and Remington started their production in 1905.

They supplied rifle muskets known as German Rifled Muskets, Springfield Pattern, caliber .58. It is supposed that these rifles were made in Suhl, Germany as some barrels have German proofs and marked Suhl.

They sold commercial Smith Carbines and the unique ammunition for that gun.

SHG became the largest wholesaler of the mid 1800s. During the Civil War they supplied everything from cannons to camp supplies. When the Civil War ended the US government sold off much of their surplus stock. SHG sold some of them to the French government during French/German conflict in Europe.